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Reservas fracionárias - o debate de décadas

08/09/2012

Reservas fracionárias - o debate de décadas

Uma pergunta feita por Adolfo Sachsida em seu interessante blog bdadolfo.blogspot.de, está gerando interesse.  Refere-se ao interminável e interessantíssimo debate sobre as reservas fracionárias, cuja bibliografia compilada pelo grande Walter Block publico abaixo.

De um lado a defesa da livre associação pelos defensores das reservas fracionárias, e de outro a defesa da impossibilidade de haver um conflito de direitos, onde duas partes detenham 100% de titularidade (a todo tempo) sobre o mesmo bem (a venda de um círculo quadrado?).

Qual é a sua opinião?

I. Argumentos anti-reservas fracionárias:

Entrevista mostra que o cidadão comum é totalmente ignorante a respeito das reservas fracionárias:

http://www.cobdencentre.org/2010/06/public-attitudes-to-banking/

Bagus, Philipp. 2003, "A tragédia dos comuns e o sistema bancário":

http://mises.org/story/1373

http://www.mises.org.br/Article.aspx?id=1021

Barnett, William II and Walter Block. 2005. "In defense of fiduciary media: a comment; or, what's wrong with "clown" or play money?? Quarterly Journal of Austrian Economics; Vol. 8, No. 2, Summer, pp. 55-69;

Barnett, William and Walter Block. 2008. "Time deposits, dimensions and fraud," Journal of Business Ethics;

Barnett, William and Walter Block. 2009. Financial Intermediaries, the Intertemporal-Carry Trade, and Austrian Business Cycles; or; Crash and Carry: Can Fraudulent Time deposits lead to an Austrian Business Cycle? Yes. Journal Etica e Politica / Ethics & Politics; Vol. XI, No. 1, pp. 455-469;

Baxendale, Tony. 2010. Free Banking, the Balance Sheet and Contract Law Approach;

Block, Walter and Bryan Caplan. 2008. Walter Block versus Bryan Caplan on Fractional Reserve Banking. Nov 1;

Block, Walter and Kenneth M. Garschina. 1996. "Hayek, Business Cycles and Fractional Reserve Banking: Continuing the De-Homoginization Process," Review of Austrian Economics, Vol. 9, No. 1, 1995, pp. 77-94;

Block, Walter and John Humphries. 2008. Humphries vs Block on fractional reserve banking.

Block, Walter versus Eric Posner. 2008. Posner vs. Block on fractional reserve banking. November, 29;

Davidson, Laura. 2008. Fractional Reserve Banking Is Indeed Fraudulent

Davidson, Laura and Walter E. Block. 2011. The Case Against Fiduciary Media: Ethics Is The Key, The Journal of Business Ethics. Vol. 98, Issue 3, pp. 505-511;
 
Hanke, Steve. 2008. Banking Crises: Plus Ça Change? GlobeAsia, November, pp. 168-169;

Hoppe, Hans-Hermann. 1994. "How is Fiat Money Possible? or, The Devolution of Money and Credit," Review of Austrian Economics, 7(2), pp. 49-74.
 
Hoppe, Hans-Hermann, with Guido Hulsmann and Walter Block. 1998. "Against Fiduciary Media" Quarterly Journal of Austrian Economics, Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 19-50,

Huerta de Soto, Jesús. 1995. "A Critical Analysis of Central Banks and Fractional-Reserve Free Banking from the Austrian Perspective" Review of Austrian Economics, 8(2), pp. 25-38.
 
Huerta de Soto, Jesús. 1998, A Critical Note on Fractional-Reserve Free Banking, The Quarterly Journal of Austrian Economics 1(4), 25-49.

Huerta de Soto, Jesús. 2006. Money, Bank Credit and Economic Cycles (Ludwig von Mises Institute, Auburn AL.)

Huerta de Soto, Jesús. 2010. Economic Recessions, Banking Reform, and the Future of Capitalism.

Hülsmann, Jorg Guido. 1996, Free Banking and the Free Bankers, Review of Austrian Economics 9(1), 3-53.

Hulsmann, Jorg Guido. 2000. "Bancos não podem criar dinheiro

Hulsmann, Jorg Guido. 2002b. Free Banking Fractional Reserves: Reply to Pascal Salin. Review of Austrian Economics, Vol. 1, No. 3.

Hulsmann, Jorg Guido. 2003. "Has Fractional-Reserve Banking Really Passed the Market Test?," Independent Review 7/3, Winter, 399-422

Hülsmann, Jorg Guido. 2008. The Ethics of Money Production Auburn AL: Ludwig von Mises Institute

Murphy, Robert P. 2011.  A esquisitice do sistema bancário de reservas fracionárias 

North, Gary. 2009. What Is Money? Part 5: Fractional Reserve Banking

Polleit, Thorsten. 2010. Sobre a natureza fraudulenta do sistema bancário de reservas fracionárias

Reisman, George. 1996. Capitalism. Ottawa, Il.: Jameson Books; pp. 954-963
 
Reisman, George. 2009. A Pro-Free-Market Program for Economic Recovery

Rothbard, Murray N.  [1963] 1975. America's Great Depression (Sheed and Ward, Kansas City).

Rothbard, Murray N. 1990. What Has Government Done to Our Money?, Auburn, AL: Ludwig von Mises Institute;

Rothbard, Murray N. [1962] 1991. "The Case for a 100 Percent Gold Dollar" In Search of a Monetary Constitution, Leland B. Yeager, ed., Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, pp. 94-136, and Auburn, AL: Ludwig von Mises Institute. Ver também "The Logic of Action One" pp. 364-384;

Rothbard, Murray N.  [1962] 1993. Man, Economy, and State. Ludwig von Mises Institute, Auburn, AL

Rothbard, Murray N.   The Myth of Free Banking in Scotland,  Review of Austrian Economics;

Salerno, Joseph T. Salerno. 2010A.  Money, Sound and Unsound. Auburn, Ludwig von Mises Institute
 
Salerno, Joseph T. 2010B. Mises era a favor das reservas fracionárias?

Joseph T. Salerno. 2011. Dr. Joseph Salerno Explains Everything You Ever Wanted to Know About Money (But Were Afraid to Ask), The Daily Bell, July 3;

II. Argumentos pró-reservas fracionárias:
 
http://ncachanosky.files.wordpress.com/2008/03/mises-on-fractional-reserves-a-review-on-huerta-de-sotos-argument-v60.pdf

Horwitz, Steven and Howard Bodenhorn. 1994.  A Property Rights Approach to Free Banking, Journal des Economistes et des Etudes Humaines, 5 (4), December, pp. 505-519.
 
Horwitz, Steven. 2010. My Teenage Daughter Gets Fractional Reserve Banking. January 11

Rozeff, Michael S. 2010. "Rothbard on Fractional Reserve Banking: A Critique,"
The Independent Review, Vol. 14, No. 4, Spring, pp. 497-512
 
Sechrest, Larry. 1987. White's Free Banking Thesis: A Case of Mistaken Identity, Review of Austrian Economics, November, Vol. II, 247-57.  
      
Sechrest, Larry. 1989a. Review of George Selgin's The Theory of Free Banking, Journal of Economics, Vol. XV, 196-98.
 
Sechrest, Larry. 1989b. Free Banking vs. Central Banking: A Geometrical Analysis, South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences, November, Vol. II, 83-97.
 
Sechrest, Larry. 1991a. Free Banking in Scotland: A Dissenting View, Cato Journal, Winter, Vol. 10, No. 3, 799-808.
 
Sechrest, Larry. 1991b. Banking, Central and Free, pages 145-51, Magill?s Survey of Social Science: Economics, Salem Press.
 
Sechrest, Larry. 1993. Free Banking: Theory, History, and a Laissez-Faire Model, Westport, Connecticut: Quorum Books.
 
Sechrest, Larry. 2007. Free Banking Basics, The Free Radical, July/August, Vol. 76, 40-41.

Selgin, George. 1994. Free Banking and Monetary ControlEconomic Journal 104: 1449-59.
 
Selgin, George. 1998. The Theory of Free Banking: Money Supply under Competitive Note Issue. Totowa, New Jersey:  Rowman & Littlefield
 
Selgin, George. 2000. Should We Let Banks Create Money? The Independent Review, v.V, n.1, Summer, pp. 93?100
 
Selgin, George. 2007a. Is fractional-reserve banking inflationary? January 23. Free Market News Network;

Selgin, George. 2007b. Notes on free banking: fractional reserves and economic development, part I February 14. Free Market News Network;

Selgin, George. 2007c. Notes on free banking: fractional reserves and economic development, part II February 15. Free Market News Network;

Selgin, George A., and White, Lawrence H. 1996. In Defense of Fiduciary Media - or, We are Not Devo(lutionists), We are Misesians!, Review of Austrian Economics, Vol. 9, No. 2, pp. 83-107;

White, Lawrence H. 1992. Competition and Currency: Essays on Free Banking and Money . New York: New York University Press  

White, Lawrence H. 1995. Free Banking in Britain: Theory, Experience, and Debate, 1800-1845, 2nd ed.

White, Lawrence H. 1999. The Theory of Monetary Institutions . Oxford: Basil Blackwell  

White, Lawrence H. 2003.  "Accounting for Fractional-Reserve Banknotes and Deposits" Independent Review 7/3, Winter, 423-41.

White, Lawrence H. 2007a. "Huerta de Soto's Case Against Fractional Reserves" Free-Market News Network (08 Jan)

White, Lawrence H. 2007b.  "Huerta de Soto's View of the History of Banking," Free-Market News Network (30 Jan)

White, Lawrence H. 2007c. "Huerta de Soto on Attempts to Justify Fractional-Reserve Banking," Free-Market News Network (05 Feb)


III. Argumentos ambivalentes. São de interesse geral, mas não há como definir de que lado do debate estão
 
Callahan, Gene. 2003. The Libertarian Case Against Fractional-Reserve Banking, Anti-State.com, July 22
 
van den Hauwe, Ludwig. 2006. The Uneasy Case for Fractional-Reserve Free Banking, Procesos de Mercado, Vol. III, No. 2, pp143-96;
 
van den Hauwe, Ludwig. 2008, forthcoming. Credit Expansion, the Prisoner´s Dilemma, and Free Banking as Mechanism Design, Procesos de Mercado,

Williams, Jeffrey C. 1984. "Fractional Reserve Banking in Grain," Journal of Money Credit and Banking. 16 (4): pp. 488-496


Sobre o autor

Helio Beltrão

Helio Beltrão é o presidente do Instituto Mises Brasil.

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